Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Agricultural Chemistry and Biotechnology2090-3626301220051201SELECTION INDICES FOR FRIESIAN COWS USING TWO METHODS OF CALCULATING RELATIVE ECONOMIC VALUES FOR SOME IMPORTANT PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS8037805223884710.21608/jacb.2005.238847ENM.N. EI-ArianAnimal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, EgyptJournal Article20051223A total of 598 first lactation records of Friesian cows progeny of 30 sires and <br /> 535 dams were used in this study. Analysis was carried out using Maximum <br /> Likelihood procedures with the model used including month and year of calving as <br /> fixed effects and sires as random effects.
The estimates of phenotypic and genotypic variances and co variances of, 305 <br /> day milk yield, 305 day fat yield, 305 day protein yield, calving interval and age at first <br /> calving and their relative economic values derived by two methods were used for <br /> constructing selection indices, method 1 ,actual relative economic V alues (REV( 1) and <br /> method 2,relative weights(REV(2)). Heritability estimates were 0.3i, 0.12, 0.17, 0.19 <br /> and 0.44, respectively. Genetic correlations between milk traits were high, positive <br /> and significant (p < 0.01) ranging from 0.85 to 1.00 and their corresponding <br /> phenotypic correlations from 0.60 to 0.97.
Twenty-six selection indices for each method of relative economic value <br /> derivation (REV) were constructed. The selection index 11A or 1<sub>1</sub>s which in corporated <br /> 305 days milk yield, 305days protein yield,calving interval and age at first calving, was <br /> the best (had the highest accuracy (RIH ) and relative efficiency values) and were <br /> recommended, if the selection was exercised at the end of the first lactation. Rank <br /> correlation coefficient between the ranking of 598 Friesian cows !;ty the both methods <br /> of relative economic valus was 0.95 . thus ,the second method of relative economic <br /> values was recommended for ease of calculation.https://jacb.journals.ekb.eg/article_238847_3021613035cc7d2600d0ba074ef36fb7.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Agricultural Chemistry and Biotechnology2090-3626301220051201BIOCONVERSION OF BARLEY STRAW INTO YEAST BIOMASS AND ALCOHOL8053807323885110.21608/jacb.2005.238851ENOlfat S.BarakatAgricultural Microbiology Dept., Fac. Agric., Cairo Univ., Giza .S. A. EI GizawyAgricultural Microbiology Dept., Fac. Agric., Cairo Univ., Giza .E.M.A. AraudFood Technology Dept., Fac. Of The Scince Of Techno!. And Engin., Sabbha Univ., Libya.M.K. ZahraAgricultural Microbiology Dept., Fac. Agric., Cairo Univ., Giza .Journal Article20051223Barley straw was examined as a substrate for yeast biomass or ethanol production, <br /> Physical and chemical procedures were applied in order to convert the cellulosic <br /> fraction of the straw into soluble sugars, mainly glucose, which in turn could be used <br /> by a yeast strain as a carbon source, Pulverization and heat treatment (steaming <br /> at 121°C for 1 hour) were carried out in addition to acid or alkali pretreatment uSing <br /> either H2S0, or NaOH at different concentrations, In this regard, 4%H2S0, solution <br /> was the most effective in hydrolyzing the straw which was indicated by the release of <br /> the highest amount of soluble sugars, The supernatant resulted after acid <br /> pretreatment was detoxified and neutralized usrnq overliming with different alkali, <br /> Ca(OH)2, NaOH, 8a(OH)2, KOH Among the examined alkaline solutions; Ca(OH)~ <br /> was the best. The supernatant was not the suitable substrate in batch fermentation <br /> for yeast biomass production USing Sacch. <em>c</em><em>erev</em><em>i</em><em>siae </em>2030, therefore, it was <br /> examined for ethanol production USing <em>Sac</em><em>c</em><em>h</em><em>. </em><em>cerevis</em><em>i</em><em>ae </em>0-14. The highest yield of <br /> alcohol (75-78.3 % of the theoretical) did not greatly affected by the yeast (Sacch. <br /> <em>cerev</em><em>i</em><em>s</em><em>i</em><em>ee </em>0-14) inocula size; nevertheless, the fermentation period was shortened <br /> when batches were inoculated with 10%. The solid cellulosic residues separated <br /> after pretreatment were subjected to chemical hydrolysis using different <br /> concentrations of NaOH or H2S04 and autoclaved at different temperatures (100, 121, <br /> 136°C) for 1 hour. The maximum amount of glucose was recorded with 2% H2S04 <br /> solution at 136°C for 1 hour. Production of yeast biomass from glucose, molasses and <br /> acid hydrolyzate in 9-hour <em>f</em><em>e</em><em>d </em>batch fermentations was investigated. The highest <br /> Yield coefficient (210%) was obtained with glucose while the yield coefficient was <br /> decreased to 105% and 80% when yeast was cultivated on molasses or ac.d <br /> hydrolyzate, respectively.https://jacb.journals.ekb.eg/article_238851_3c83818572b719f9b706203ac8b6a752.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Agricultural Chemistry and Biotechnology2090-3626301220051201INTERCROPPING OF WHEAT WITH FABA BEAN PLANTS AS AFFECTED BY BIOFERTILIZATION8075809323885410.21608/jacb.2005.238854ENM. Nour EI·DeinSoil, Water and Environmental Research Institute, ARC, Giza, EgyptF.I. ZeinSoil, Water and Environmental Research Institute, ARC, Giza, EgyptSarnia A.SalamaCrop Field Research Institute, A.R.C., Giza, EgyptJournal Article20221223Two field experiments were conducted at the Sakha Acncultura: Research <br /> Station in seasons 2002 and 2003 to study the role of inoculation with a mixture <br /> contains <em>Rh</em><em>i</em><em>z</em><em>o</em><em>b</em><em>i</em><em>um </em><em>/</em><em>egum</em><em>i</em><em>n</em><em>o</em><em>sarum b</em><em>io</em><em>var v</em><em>ic</em><em>eae </em>+ <em>Bac</em><em>i</em><em>ll</em><em>us megather</em><em>i</em><em>u</em><em>m </em>(for faba <br /> bean) and <em>Az%bacter </em>spp. + <em>B</em><em>. </em><em>mega</em><em>/</em><em>her</em><em>i</em><em>u</em><em>m </em>(for wheat) as well as addition of <br /> farmyard manure', FYM (50 tons/fed) at different levels of nitrogen (' 5 O. 400 and <br /> 70 kg <em>Nl</em><em>fed</em><em>) </em>on some yield and chemical components and some seeds <br /> technological characteristics under intercropping sercumistances.
Results show that intercropping system decreased straw and seed yield of <br /> both crops and achieved lower values in comparison with their corresponding <br /> controls (pure stands): Since. in the intercropping system, the plots are cultivated <br /> with a mixture of two plant crops by a ratio of 50:50%. As a general, inoculation in <br /> combination with the two N-fertilizer levels (15 and 40 kg Nf:ed) relatively increased <br /> straw seed yields of both crops as compared with uninoculated control. The increase <br /> were mostly significant. On the other hand, inoculation, intercropping andlor addition <br /> of farmyard manure increased nodules dry weight <em>(</em><em>g1</em><em>3 </em>plants) of faba bean. There <br /> were no significant effects between the different treatments and control for <br /> germination %. seed moisture %, radical and shoot lengths of either wheat grains or <br /> faba bean seeds. Weight of 100 seeds of both wheat and faba bean were <br /> significantly increased. Also, microbial inoculation in the intercropping system led to <br /> an increase in volume and density of wheat grains and faba bean seeds. The <br /> results of some treatments were significant. Also, microbia' inoculation and <br /> inlercropping significantly increased crude protein of wheat grains. while faba bean <br /> seeds showed inconsistent pattern. Regarding percentage of ether extract <br /> constituents (E.E) and ash%, there were no significant variations for either wheat <br /> grains or Iaba bean seeds Although,there is no unique trend due to <br /> inoculation,intereropping and FYM on total carbohydrate% of wheat grains as t ey <br /> achieved less values than tradition control ,carbohydrate % of faba bean seeds IS <br /> significantly increase .Intercropping and FYM increased land equivalent ratio (LE~) <br /> The application of FYM strengthed the positive effect of microbial inoculation.
It could be concluded that microbial inoculation of both intercropped crops <br /> achieved the highest net return when 40 kg Nffed. was applied (at first season) and <br /> 15 kg Nlfed. and FYM (at second seasons) and their corresponding net return values <br /> reached 1783 and 1401( L.E.ffed) respectively.https://jacb.journals.ekb.eg/article_238854_3e3fe7bba47a46ecf2fc14996f9b998a.pdf