Effects of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry Toxin, Propolis Extracts and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized by Soil Fungus (Fusarium oxysporum) Against Two Species of Tetranychus spp. (Acari:Tetranychidae)

Omar, Sabrien; Elsayed, I.; Marouf, Amal; Dawood, D.

doi:10.21608/jacb.2016.41148

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	Effects of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry Toxin, Propolis Extracts and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized by Soil Fungus (Fusarium oxysporum) Against Two Species of Tetranychus spp. (Acari:Tetranychidae)
Article 1, Volume 7, Issue 12, December 2016, Page 283-289 PDF (628.16 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/jacb.2016.41148
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Authors
Sabrien Omar¹; I. Elsayed²; Amal Marouf³; D. Dawood⁴
¹Dept of Microbiol, Fac of Agri., Mansoura Univ., Mansoura, Egypt
²Dept of Microbiol., Soil, Water and Environm. Institute, Agric. Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
³Plant Protectection Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.
⁴Dept of Chem., Fac of Agri., Mansoura Univ., Mansoura, Egypt
Abstract
Development of new biostrategies for pest control represents a major eco-friendly achievement. The use of micoorganisms represents one of these biostratigies. Bacillus thuringiensis d-endotoxins are recognized safe and economic biological insecticidal proteins. Green nanotechnology is one of the most promisg approches in this field. Our study, demonstrated that B. thuringiensis (4QSTR1) produced cry proteins, which appeared as stained crystals. The Coomassie Brilliant Blue stain allowed a quick and high productivity evaluation of B. thuringiensis (4QSTR1). Synthesized silver nanoparticlesby using Fusarium oxysporum (Fo-AgNPs) were used. Also, the protein crystals and endospores of Bacillus thuringiensis were separated. The bioinsecticidal effect of synthesized Fo-AgNPs, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and propolis extracts (ethanolic extract (EEP) and water extract (WEP)) against Tetranychus urticae Koch and Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval) was evaluated. Bioassays results showed that the insecticidal efficacy (LC₅₀ and LC₉₀) of Fo-AgNPs were more effective than propolis extracts and Bt against the two species of Tetranychus. The LC₅₀ value for Fo-AgNPs,WEP, EEP and Bt against T. urticae were 45, 10234, 12755 and 14972, respectively and against T. cinnabarinus were 37, 13579, 15881 and 17003, respectively. More than 100% toxicity index was recorded by Fo-AgNPs with two species of Tetranychus. The total mortality percentage of two species of Tetranychus was more affected by Fo- Ag-NPs at the lowest dose (10ppm). Whereas, the propolis extracts and Bt were more effective at the highest dose (20 x 10³ ppm). It is clear that silver nanoparticles synsthized by soil fungus (Fusarium oxysporum) have a strong insecticidal effect.
Keywords
Biological control –Fusarium oxysporum – Silver nanoparticles –Crystal toxins – Propolis – red spider mites


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